There has been an explosion of new discovery in astronomy and planetary sciences in the past decade and hardly a week goes by without a headline announcing some major new breakthrough.These range from finding new Earthlike planets around other stars to making precise images of the universe soon after the Big Bang to finding evidence for icevolcanoes on the moons of Saturn to finding possible evidence for the most important ingredient for life on the surface of Mars. The next decade promises to bring forth of wealth of new discoveries far surpassing those to date.