The programs encourage students to benefit from experiences in both formal and informal learning settings investigating the teaching of science and mathematics. With the strong focus on research, the programs prepare students to be informed consumers of educational research, to carry out action research as practitioners and as strong candidates for graduate studies. Graduates are expected to be reflective and competent educators, sensitive to the demands of their job, responsive to a developing education system and technological requirements, committed to continuing their own professional development, and ready to play a leading role in the field of science and mathematics education.