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How Africa became the birthplace of human evolution
Nature Africa marks 100 years since Australopithecus Africanus transformed our understanding of the origins of humans.
On 7 February 1925, the scientific journal Nature published1 a paper by Raymond Dart, an anthropologist at Wits University who spent most of his working life describing the first hominin fossil to have been found, Australopithecus Africanus — today known as the Taung Child.
The fossil, named after the small town near where it was found, led to the understanding that humans and their ancestors evolved in Africa. After years of scientific rejection, it is now a widely accepted fact.
Read the full story on Nature Africa.
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On 7 February 1925, Nature published an article about a curious fossil unearthed in South Africa1. 'Australopithecus africanus: The Man-Ape of South Africa' had been sent in by Australian palaeoanthropologist Raymond Dart, who was then at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, South Africa. In his memoirs, Adventures with the Missing Link (1959), Dart notes that he was dressing for a wedding when he was distracted by the delivery of two large boxes of rocks, containing the face of Australopithecus and the braincast (known as an endocast) — an internal cast of the braincase formed from sediment — that fitted into the skull, like a ball in a baseball pitcher's mitt. [Read the full editorial: Out of Africa: celebrating 100 years of human-origins research]