The BMWK project "Enersat" of the University of Passau, Center for Telematics (ZfT), Institute for Energy and High Voltage Technology (IEHT) is researching secure satellite networks to support the normal and emergency operation of renewable energy systems.
The aim of the research team is to investigate the potential of a network of microsatellites in low Earth orbit. On the one hand, this satellite network is intended to serve as an exclusive, highly available and highly secure communication channel for distributed energy distribution network resources. It should also be of benefit to operators and those involved in the event of a crisis, e.g. in the event of a large-scale power outage, as the satellite system enables energy-autonomous communication. On the other hand, it can offer an advantage for energy suppliers during normal operation, as satellite communication enables continuous and comprehensive monitoring of the status of the equipment.
This research direction is of essential importance for national security of supply, as the ongoing energy transition has transformed the traditional electricity distribution network into a sustainable decentralized and digitalized system. However, the interdependence of energy and communication systems poses a challenge in ensuring uninterrupted communication of system-critical resources. For example, in the event of widespread failures of the electricity distribution system, the terrestrial communication systems will partially fail due to their dependence on the power supply. Only partial availability of the communication network devices leads to a reduction in communication quality, which is undesirable for critical infrastructures. Therefore, an alternative that is independent of the surrounding environment and available at all times is required.
The main goal of the project is to equip satellite networks with capabilities to withstand cyberattacks and natural disasters, as well as disruptions that originate from the system itself, such as system errors. The University of Passau will focus on expanding and improving satellite communication technology for reliable data transmission in smart grids, both in emergency situations and during normal operation.